Answer: Option A
Solution: The one word substitution is Fatalist
A fatalist is a person who believes that all events are predetermined and therefore inevitable, and that people are powerless to change them. This belief can sometimes lead to a sense of resignation, where an individual feels that their actions have no bearing on the outcome of events, especially negative ones, . The term “fatalist” is derived from the Latin word fatalis, meaning “ordained by fate or destined”.
Let’s examine the other options:
(B) Optimist: An optimist is a person who always believes that good things will happen and expects the best possible outcome from any given situation. Optimism is the opposite of fatalism, as optimists believe that positive outcomes are likely and can be influenced by their actions.
(C) Pessimist: A pessimist is a person who thinks that bad things are more likely to happen or who emphasizes the negative aspects of a situation. Pessimists generally expect the worst and lack hope for the future.
(D) Parsimonious: This term describes someone who is very unwilling to spend money or use a lot of something; excessively frugal or stingy. This characteristic is unrelated to a belief in fate.
Therefore, the most accurate term for one who believes in the power of fate is fatalist.

Answer: Option C
Solution: One word substitute is Altruistic.
While several terms might describe a person who is kind or caring, the most fitting word for someone who loves or cares for everybody, often showing unselfish concern for their welfare, is altruistic. Altruism is the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others. An altruistic person acts out of a genuine desire to help and support others, often putting the needs of others before their own without expecting anything in return.
(A) Cosmopolitan: A cosmopolitan person is someone who has wide experience of people and things from many different parts of the world, or a place that is composed of people from many different countries and cultures. While a cosmopolitan person might be open-minded and accepting, the term doesn’t specifically mean they love everyone.
(B) Fratricide: Fratricide refers to the act of killing one’s own brother, or members of one’s own group or country. This term is completely unrelated to loving everyone.
(D) Aristocrat: An aristocrat is a person of high social rank who belongs to the aristocracy, which is often a hereditary ruling class. This term refers to social status, not a person’s love for others.
Therefore, altruistic is the most accurate term for a person who loves or shows unselfish concern for everybody.

Answer: Option B
Solution: One word substitute is Antidote
An antidote is a medicine, chemical, or other substance that counteracts the effects of a poison or toxin. The word comes from the Greek term “antidoton”, meaning “(medicine) given as a remedy”. Antidotes work through various mechanisms, such as forming a non-toxic complex with the poison, blocking its effects at the target sites, or helping the body eliminate it. For instance, activated charcoal is a common antidote that absorbs many ingested toxins in the digestive tract, preventing their absorption into the bloodstream.
(A) Antiseptic: An antiseptic is a substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms on living tissue, such as skin. Examples include iodine and chlorhexidine. Antiseptics are used to clean wounds and prevent infections, but they are not used to counteract the effects of a poison inside the body.
(B) Antidote: This is the correct term for a medicine given to counteract poison.
(C) Antibiotic: An antibiotic is a medicine that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria and is used to treat bacterial infections. They are ineffective against viruses and are different from antiseptics in their application and range of action. Penicillin is a well-known example of an antibiotic.
(D) Antifungal: Antifungals are medicines specifically used to treat infections caused by fungi, like athlete’s foot or ringworm. They work by killing or stopping the growth of fungi.
Therefore, the most accurate term for medicine given to counteract poison is antidote.

Answer: Option C
Solution: The one word substitution is Fastidious.
A fastidious person is someone who is very attentive to and concerned about accuracy and detail, and who has high standards and is therefore not easily pleased, especially in matters of taste or cleanliness. For example, a fastidious individual might be extremely particular about the quality of their food or the neatness of their living space. synonyms for fastidious include meticulous, particular, fussy, and picky.
Let’s examine the other options:
(A) Cosmopolitan: A cosmopolitan person is someone who has traveled widely and is knowledgeable about different cultures and places. They are open-minded and not necessarily difficult to please, but rather have broad tastes and experiences.
(B) Frightening: This term describes something that causes fear or is alarming. It describes an effect or quality, not a personality trait of being hard to please.
(D) Feminist: A feminist is a person who supports the belief that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men and advocates for gender equality. This term relates to a political and social ideology, not a characteristic of being easily pleased.
Therefore, fastidious is the most accurate term for a person who is not easily pleased due to high standards or meticulousness.

Answer: Option C
Solution: The one word substitution is Fratricide.
Fratricide refers to the act of killing one’s own brother. The term is derived from the Latin words “frater” meaning brother and “-cidium” meaning killing. While it most commonly refers to the killing of a brother, it can also encompass the killing of a sister.
Let’s look at the other options:
(A) Homicide: Homicide is the general term for the killing of one human being by another. It is a broader term that encompasses various types of killings, including fratricide, but it is not specific to the killing of a brother.
(B) Regicide: Regicide is the act of killing a king or queen. It refers to the killing of a monarch, not specifically a brother or sister.
(D) Suicide: Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one’s own death. It is the killing of oneself, not another person, and is unrelated to the killing of a brother.
Therefore, fratricide is the most precise term for the murder of one’s brother.

Answer: Option A
Solution: The one word substitution is Stoic.
A stoic is a person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their feelings or complaining. The term comes from the ancient Greek philosophy of Stoicism, which taught that happiness can be achieved by living in accordance with virtue and reason, and that external things like pleasure and pain should not affect one’s inner peace and rationality. A Stoic aims to be indifferent to pleasure or pain, focusing on what they can control (their own thoughts and actions) and accepting what they cannot.
(A) Stoic: This accurately describes a person who is indifferent to the pains and pleasures of life, enduring them without outward display of emotion or complaint.
(B) Sadist: A sadist is a person who gets pleasure from hurting or humiliating other people. This is the opposite of being indifferent to pleasure or pain.
(C) Psychiatrist: A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions. This profession involves helping people with their emotions, not being indifferent to them.
(D) Aristocrat: An aristocrat is a person of high social rank or a member of a ruling class. This term refers to social status, not a person’s emotional disposition or philosophy.
Therefore, stoic is the most fitting term for a person who is indifferent to the pains and pleasures of life.

Answer: Option B
Solution: The one word substitution is Soliloquy.
A soliloquy is a speech delivered by a character in a play, who is alone on stage or believes themselves to be alone, and expresses their thoughts and feelings aloud. The purpose of a soliloquy is to allow the audience to understand the character’s innermost thoughts and motivations, without other characters in the play hearing them. Soliloquies were particularly common in Elizabethan and Jacobean drama, with William Shakespeare being a master of the form. For example, Hamlet’s famous “To be or not to be” speech is a well-known soliloquy.
Let’s look at the other options:
(A) Sinecure: A sinecure is a position requiring little or no work but giving the holder status or financial benefit. It is unrelated to speaking one’s thoughts aloud in a play.
(C) Pessimist: A pessimist is a person who always thinks that bad things are more likely to happen or who emphasizes the bad part of a situation. This term describes a person’s outlook on life, not a form of dramatic speech.
(D) Philanthropist: A philanthropist is a person who gives money or gifts to charities, or helps needy people in other ways. This term describes a person’s charitable actions.
Therefore, soliloquy is the most accurate term for an act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play.

Answer: Option C
Solution: The one word substitution is Contagious.
A contagious disease is one that can spread from one person or organism to another, typically through direct or indirect contact. This means the pathogen can be transmitted through physical touch, bodily fluids, respiratory droplets expelled during coughing or sneezing, or even by touching contaminated surfaces. Examples of highly contagious diseases include chickenpox, measles, influenza, and the common cold.
Let’s examine the other options:
(A) Incurable: An incurable disease is one that cannot be cured or fully resolved with existing treatments, often requiring ongoing management rather than a complete recovery. This term describes the prognosis of a disease, not its mode of transmission.
(B) Infectious: An infectious disease is caused by pathogens (like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites) that invade the body and cause illness. While all contagious diseases are infectious, not all infectious diseases are contagious. Some infectious diseases may be spread by other means, such as by insect bites (e.g., malaria) or contaminated food and water (e.g., food poisoning), but not necessarily through contact between people.
(D) Fatal: A fatal disease is one that leads to death. This describes the outcome of a disease, not how it spreads.
Therefore, contagious is the most accurate term for a disease that spreads by contact.

Answer: Option B
Solution: The one word substitution is Liar.
A liar is a person who tells lies, especially habitually or repeatedly. The phrase “rarely speaks the truth” perfectly describes a liar, as their communication is often characterized by falsehoods and deception. A liar knowingly distorts the truth or presents false information with the intention to deceive or mislead others.
Let’s look at the other options:
(A) Crook: A crook is a person who is dishonest or a criminal. While a crook might lie as part of their criminal activities, the term primarily refers to their dishonesty and criminal behavior, not solely their tendency to speak untruthfully.
(C) Scoundrel: A scoundrel is a dishonest or unscrupulous person; a rogue. A scoundrel’s behavior is typically characterized by deceit and immoral actions, often treating others badly. While a scoundrel might lie, the term emphasizes their general lack of moral principles and bad behavior.
(D) Hypocrite: A hypocrite is someone who pretends to have virtues, moral or religious beliefs, principles, etc., that they do not actually possess or practice. Hypocrisy involves a contradiction between one’s words and actions or between professed beliefs and actual behavior. While a hypocrite’s actions might involve deception and therefore lying, the term focuses on the pretense and inconsistency, rather than the act of speaking untruthfully itself.
Therefore, the most direct and accurate term for a man who rarely speaks the truth is a liar.

Answer: Option C
Solution: The one word substitution is Panacea.
A panacea is a hypothetical remedy for all ills or diseases; a universal cure. The word comes from the Greek “panakeia,” meaning “all-healing.” In mythology, Panacea was the Greek goddess of universal remedy, daughter of Asclepius. The term is often used metaphorically to describe something that could solve all problems or difficulties. For example, one might say that “education is a panacea for many social evils”.
(A) Narcotics: These are a class of drugs that act as sedative analgesics, providing pain relief and also acting as central nervous system depressants. They are used for treating pain or inducing sleep, and can be addictive. They are not a remedy for all diseases.
(B) Antiseptic: An antiseptic is a substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms on living tissue, such as skin, and helps prevent infections in wounds or during medical procedures. They are not a universal cure for all diseases.
(D) Lyric: A lyric refers to a poem that expresses the personal emotions or feelings of the poet, or to the words of a song. It is a literary or musical term and is unrelated to medicine or remedies.
Therefore, panacea is the most accurate term for a remedy for all diseases.