Direction: In the following passage, some of the words are missing. Find suitable words from the options given below these questions to make the paragraph meaningful.
The key to removing corruption is the transparency of political funding. That would end – first misuse of state ___A___by the politician to raise funds, second ___B___ in the services of civil servants, and third ___C___ both accountability and integrity of the administration. So long as people need cash for bribes, they would withdraw cash and a transaction cost would not deter them. Moreover, the RBI can pass on the potential savings from reduced cash handling to lower the cost of electronic transactions. So can the government. ___D___ from the RBI and the government, in tandem with competition to Visa and MasterCard from RuPay, should make digital payments ___E___ costless for merchants and consumers.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank A A. devices B. gadget C. government D. machinery E. apparatus
Correct answer: C. government
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in blank A is “government”. Here’s why:
The sentence refers to the misuse of state resources or tools to raise funds for political purposes. “Government” fits well because it refers to the state resources that politicians misuse to gather funds, such as government funds or state-controlled assets.
Why the other options are not correct:
A. Devices generally refers to tools or instruments, but it doesn’t make sense in this context where we are talking about state resources.
B. Gadget refers to small, usually electronic, devices, which does not fit the context of political corruption and misuse of state resources.
D. Machinery typically refers to large mechanical equipment or systems, which doesn’t fit in this context of political funding and misuse of resources.
E. Apparatus refers to a set of equipment or machinery, which is more technical and formal, and is not appropriate for describing the misuse of state resources in the context of funding.
Thus, “government” (option C) is the most suitable choice as it correctly refers to the misuse of state resources by politicians.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank B A. adhering B. roping C. releasing D. luring E. chaining
Correct answer: B. roping
Explanation:
Upon reconsidering the context of the sentence, “roping” seems to be the most appropriate choice. Here’s why:
“Roping” refers to bringing someone into something or involving them, typically in a plan or activity. In the context of civil servants, it suggests that politicians might attempt to involve or influence civil servants for their own purposes, which aligns with the sentence describing the potential misuse of political services.
Why the other options are not correct:
A. Adhering means sticking to something (like rules or principles), but in this context, the sentence suggests that there is an issue of politicians involving civil servants for personal gain, rather than following regulations.
C. Releasing refers to letting something go or setting it free, which does not make sense in this context about civil servants and their roles.
D. Luring refers to attracting or enticing someone, usually through promises, but it doesn’t fit well with the idea of involving civil servants in a way that compromises their integrity.
E. Chaining refers to restraining or limiting freedom, which is not applicable to the concept of political involvement or influence over civil servants.
Thus, “roping” (option B) is the best fit because it conveys the idea of politicians involving civil servants in activities that may compromise their duties.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank C A. distrusting B. negating C. undermining D. offending E. sabotaging
Correct answer: C. undermining
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is “undermining”. Here’s why:
“Undermining” refers to weakening or damaging something gradually, especially in terms of authority or effectiveness. In the context of the sentence, it fits because the actions described are likely diminishing the accountability and integrity of the administration, which is a result of political interference and the misuse of resources.
Why the other options are not correct:
A. Distrusting refers to a lack of trust, but it doesn’t fit the context of gradually weakening or damaging the integrity of the administration.
B. Negating refers to canceling out or invalidating something, but it does not specifically relate to damaging the integrity or effectiveness of the administration over time.
D. Offending refers to causing someone to feel upset or insulted, which is not the appropriate word in this context, where we are talking about diminishing the functioning of the administration.
E. Sabotaging implies deliberately ruining or obstructing something, but it typically refers to actions that are more direct and destructive. “Undermining” is a more subtle process, which fits the context better.
Thus, “undermining” (option C) is the most appropriate choice, as it correctly conveys the idea of weakening or damaging the accountability and integrity of the administration.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank D A. outlays B. income C. payment D. addition E. sum
Correct answer: A. outlays
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is “outlays”. Here’s why:
“Outlays” refers to expenditures or payments, especially those made by an organization, government, or entity. In the context of the sentence, it suggests that the RBI and government can pass on potential savings from reduced cash handling to lower the cost of electronic transactions. This aligns with the idea of expenditure reductions or financial outlays.
Why the other options are not correct:
B. Income refers to money received, typically by individuals or organizations, and does not fit in the context of lowering costs for transactions.
C. Payment refers to the action of paying or the amount paid, but it doesn’t capture the idea of savings or financial measures to reduce transaction costs as “outlays” does.
D. Addition refers to the act of adding something or an increase, but it doesn’t fit in the context of reducing costs or savings.
E. Sum refers to the total amount of money, but it does not specifically refer to expenditures or outflows, as “outlays” does.
Thus, “outlays” (option A) is the best choice because it fits with the idea of expenditures or financial actions related to lowering the cost of transactions.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank E A. never B. ever C. little D. highly E. virtually
Correct answer: E. virtually
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is “virtually”. Here’s why:
“Virtually” means nearly or almost. In the context of the sentence, it fits because it describes making digital payments almost costless for merchants and consumers, implying that the cost will be reduced to an almost negligible level.
Why the other options are not correct:
A. Never means at no time, which doesn’t fit the context of reducing costs for digital payments. It would make the sentence illogical.
B. Ever refers to any time at all and does not fit the context, as the sentence is referring to reducing costs, not to an indefinite time frame.
C. Little means a small amount, but it doesn’t convey the idea of making something nearly costless, which is what “virtually” does.
D. Highly refers to something being at a high degree or level, but it doesn’t fit the context of making payments nearly costless.
Direction: In the following passage, some of the words are missing. Find suitable words from the options given below these questions to make the paragraph meaningful.
The major ___A___ of establishing Regional Rural Banks is to develop the rural economy by providing credit and other ___B___ for agriculture, trade, commerce, industry, and other productive activities in the rural areas, ___C___ to the small and marginal farmers, agricultural laborers, artisans, and small entrepreneurs. An RRB is sponsored by a commercial bank. For this purpose, the sponsor bank requests the Central Government which issues a notification after consulting the ___D___ State Government. Normally, an RRB covers one district but it is also permitted to open its branches in other districts. So far, the maximum ___E___ has been eight districts, as in the case of Manipur Regional Rural Bank, which covers the entire State of Manipur.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank A A. theme B. ideas C. work D. duty E. objectives
Correct answer: E. objectives
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is “objectives”. Here’s why:
“Objectives” refers to the goals or aims that an organization or entity strives to achieve. In this case, the objective of establishing Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) is to develop the rural economy by providing credit and other resources for productive activities.
Why the other options are not correct:
A. Theme refers to the central subject or idea, but it doesn’t fit the context of describing specific goals or purposes in this case.
B. Ideas refers to thoughts or concepts, but it does not convey the formal sense of goals or aims that “objectives” does.
C. Work refers to tasks or labor, which doesn’t suit the context of describing the broader goals of establishing RRBs.
D. Duty refers to a responsibility or obligation, which is not as fitting as “objectives”, which specifically refers to the goals or aims of the bank.
Thus, “objectives” (option E) is the best choice because it accurately describes the intended goals of establishing Regional Rural Banks.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank B A. facilities B. item C. goods D. amenities E. values
Correct answer: A. facilities
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is “facilities”. Here’s why:
“Facilities” refers to the services, resources, or infrastructure provided for specific activities. In the context of the sentence, it makes sense because the Regional Rural Banks are providing credit and other services or resources (such as financial services, infrastructure, or amenities) for activities like agriculture, trade, and commerce in rural areas.
Why the other options are not correct:
B. Item refers to a single thing or object, which doesn’t fit the context of providing a variety of services or resources.
C. Goods refers to physical items or products, which are not as fitting in the context of financial services or assistance.
D. Amenities refers to basic services or conveniences, which could work in some contexts, but “facilities” is a better fit in describing the broad range of resources or services provided.
E. Values refers to principles or standards, which doesn’t fit the context of providing financial services or resources.
Thus, “facilities” (option A) is the best choice, as it refers to the necessary services or resources provided to support productive activities in the rural areas.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank C A. clearly B. certainly C. particularly D. similarly E. likely
Correct answer: C. particularly
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is “particularly”. Here’s why:
“Particularly” means specifically or especially, which fits well with the context. The sentence discusses providing services to small and marginal farmers, agricultural laborers, artisans, and small entrepreneurs. The use of “particularly” emphasizes that these groups are the main target of the services.
Why the other options are not correct:
A. Clearly means in a clear or easy-to-understand manner, which doesn’t fit the context of describing a specific target group.
B. Certainly means without doubt, but it doesn’t emphasize specificity as well as “particularly” does in this case.
D. Similarly means in a similar way, which doesn’t work in the context of highlighting a specific target group.
E. Likely means probably or expected, but it doesn’t match the idea of focusing specifically on certain groups.
Thus, “particularly” (option C) is the best choice because it emphasizes that the services are targeted especially at the specified groups.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank D A. neighbouring B. concerned C. related D. nearest E. willing
Correct answer: B. concerned
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is “concerned”. Here’s why:
“Concerned” refers to something that is involved or directly affected by a situation. In the context of the sentence, it fits because it is talking about the Central Government consulting the “concerned” state government, meaning the government that is directly involved or responsible for the issue at hand.
Why the other options are not correct:
A. Neighbouring refers to something that is located next to or adjacent, but it doesn’t capture the sense of responsibility or involvement in this context.
C. Related refers to something that is connected, but it doesn’t emphasize the direct involvement or responsibility that “concerned” conveys in this context.
D. Nearest refers to something closest in distance, which doesn’t fit with the idea of government consultation regarding responsibilities or jurisdiction.
E. Willing refers to someone who is ready to do something, but it doesn’t fit the context of the government’s role in this matter.
Thus, “concerned” (option B) is the best choice because it refers to the state government that is directly involved or responsible for the matter being discussed.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank E A. average B. enclosures C. beneficiaries D. coverage E. share
Correct answer: C. beneficiaries
Explanation:
The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is “beneficiaries”. Here’s why:
“Beneficiaries” refers to the individuals or groups who receive benefits or advantages from a service or system. In this context, the sentence discusses the coverage of districts, and the “beneficiaries” would be the people or groups who gain from the establishment of the Regional Rural Banks, such as the rural population and small entrepreneurs.
Why the other options are not correct:
A. Average refers to the mean or typical value of a set of numbers, which doesn’t fit the context of people benefiting from a system.
B. Enclosures refers to something that is enclosed or surrounded, but it doesn’t make sense in the context of coverage or people benefiting from a system.
D. Coverage refers to the extent or scope of something, but it doesn’t fit with the focus on the people who benefit directly from the services provided.
E. Share refers to a portion of something, but it doesn’t convey the idea of people benefiting from a program or initiative in the same way “beneficiaries” does.
Thus, “beneficiaries” (option C) is the best choice as it directly refers to those who benefit from the services provided by the Regional Rural Banks.
