The school was damaged by the earthquake which claimed many lives. (a) The earthquake damaged the school for claiming many lives. (b) The earthquake had damaged the school which claimed many lives. (c) The earthquake damaged the school and claimed many lives. (d) The earthquake had damaged the school and claimed many lives.
The correct answer is (c) The earthquake damaged the school and claimed many lives.
Explanation:
• The original sentence, “The school was damaged by the earthquake which claimed many lives,” is in the passive voice, simple past tense. The structure is Object + was/were + Past Participle (V3) + by + Subject + (subordinate clause).
• The goal is to convert it to the active voice while maintaining the simple past tense and the meaning. In the active voice, the subject performs the action. The structure for simple past active voice is Subject + V2 (simple past form of the verb) + Object + (remaining part of the sentence).
• In the first part of the original sentence, “The school was damaged by the earthquake”, “the earthquake” is the agent and will become the subject in the active voice. The verb changes from “was damaged” (passive) to “damaged” (active, simple past tense). “The school” is the object.
• The second part of the original sentence, “which claimed many lives”, is already in the active voice and describes an action done by the earthquake. It needs to be connected logically to the first part.
• Option (c) correctly places “The earthquake” as the subject, followed by the active verb “damaged” and the object “the school”. The conjunction “and” appropriately connects the two actions performed by the earthquake (damaging the school and claiming lives), preserving the original meaning.
22.First car holds a special place in the heart of every owner. (a) Every owner has a special place in the heart for his first car. (b) A special place is held by the first car in the heart of every owner. (c) A special place is being held by the first car in the heart of every owner. (d) A special place was held by the first car in the heart of every owner.
Correct answer: (b) A special place is held by the first car in the heart of every owner.
Explanation:
The original sentence, “First car holds a special place in the heart of every owner,” is in the simple present tense and active voice. The structure is Subject + V1 (base form of the verb) + Object + (remaining part of the sentence).
To convert a simple present active sentence to passive voice, the structure is: Object + is/am/are + Past Participle (V3) + by + Subject + (remaining part of the sentence).
In the given sentence:
o “First car” is the subject, and “holds” is the verb.
o “a special place” is the object in the active voice, which becomes the subject in the passive voice.
o Since the new subject “a special place” is singular, the auxiliary verb “is” is used.
o The past participle of “holds” is “held”.
o “by the first car” is the agent phrase, and “in the heart of every owner” is the remaining part of the sentence.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “A special place is held by the first car in the heart of every owner”.
They are going to build a new office near the old one. (a) A new office will be built near the old one. (b) A new office being built near the old one. (c) A new office is being built near the old one. (d) A new office is going to be built near the old one.
Correct answer: (d) A new office is going to be built near the old one.
Explanation:
The original sentence, “They are going to build a new office near the old one,” uses the active voice with the “be going to” structure to express a future plan or intention. The structure for this in active voice is Subject + be (is/am/are) + going to + Base Verb + Object + (remaining part).
To convert a sentence using “be going to” from active voice to passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. The structure changes to: Object + be (is/am/are) + going to + be + Past Participle (V3) + (by + Subject – optional) + (remaining part).
In this sentence:
o “A new office” is the object in the active voice and becomes the subject in the passive voice.
o Since “a new office” is singular, the form “is” from the “be” verb is used.
o The phrase “going to” is retained.
o “be” is inserted before the past participle.
o The past participle of “build” is “built”.
o The phrase “near the old one” remains.
o The original subject “They” can be omitted or added as “by them” but is often omitted when the agent is general or implied.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “A new office is going to be built near the old one”.
Who broke the windowpane? (a) By whom was the windowpane broken? (b) By whom the windowpane was broken? (c) Who had the windowpane broken by? (d) By whom had the windowpane been broken by?.
Correct answer is (a) By whom was the windowpane broken?
Explanation:
The original sentence, “Who broke the windowpane?”, is an interrogative sentence in the active voice and the simple past tense.
When converting a “who” question from active to passive voice, “who” changes to “by whom”.
The structure for the simple past passive voice is: By whom + was/were + Object + Past Participle (V3) + ?.
In this sentence:
o “Who” becomes “By whom”.
o “The windowpane” is the object in the active voice and becomes the subject in the passive voice. Since it’s singular, “was” is the correct auxiliary verb.
o “Broke” is the verb in the active voice, and its past participle (V3) is “broken”.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “By whom was the windowpane broken?”
You must take the victim to the hospital. (a) The victim has to be taken to the hospital. (b) The victim is supposed to be taken to the hospital. (c) The victim is to be taken to the hospital. (d) The victim must be taken to the hospital.
Correct answer: (d) The victim must be taken to the hospital.
Explanation:
The original sentence, “You must take the victim to the hospital,” is in the active voice and uses the modal verb “must” to express a strong obligation or necessity.
To convert an active voice sentence with a modal verb (like “must”) to the passive voice, the structure is: Object + modal verb + be + Past Participle (V3) + (by + Subject – optional).
In this sentence:
o “The victim” is the object in the active voice and becomes the subject in the passive voice.
o “Must” is the modal verb and remains.
o “Be” is added after the modal verb.
o “Taken” is the past participle (V3) of the verb “take”.
o “To the hospital” is the rest of the adverbial phrase.
o The original subject “You” is general and is omitted in the passive voice.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “The victim must be taken to the hospital.”
Why did you beat him? (a) Why he was beaten by you? (b) Why was he beaten by you? (c) Why had he been beaten by you? (d) Why was him beaten by you?.
Correct answer: (b) Why was he beaten by you?
Explanation:
The original sentence, “Why did you beat him?”, is an interrogative sentence (a question) in the simple past tense and active voice. The structure is Wh-word + did + Subject + Base Verb + Object + ?.
To convert a Wh-question in the simple past active voice to the passive voice, the structure changes to: Wh-word + was/were + Object (of active sentence) + Past Participle (V3) + by + Subject (of active sentence) + ?.
In the given sentence:
o “Why” is the Wh-word and remains at the beginning.
o “Him” is the object in the active voice, which becomes the subject (“he”) in the passive voice. Since “he” is singular, the auxiliary verb “was” is used.
o The main verb is “beat”, and its past participle (V3) is also “beaten”.
o “You” is the subject in the active voice and becomes the agent in the passive voice, introduced by “by you”.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “Why was he beaten by you?”.
Please wash all the dishes. (a) You are ordered to wash all the dishes. (b) All the dishes should be washed. (c) You are requested to wash all the dishes. (d) You are suggested to wash all the dishes.
Correct answer: (c) You are requested to wash all the dishes.
Explanation:
The original sentence, “Please wash all the dishes,” is an imperative sentence expressing a polite request due to the presence of “Please”.
When converting an imperative sentence (especially one with “Please” or “Kindly”) into the passive voice, the standard way is to use the structure: “You are requested to” + the base form of the main verb + the rest of the sentence.
In this sentence:
o “Please” is removed.
o “You are requested to” is added.
o The base form of the main verb “wash” is used.
o “all the dishes” remains.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “You are requested to wash all the dishes”.
Did someone tease you? (a) Was you teased by someone? (b) Were you teased by someone? (c) Was you being teased by someone? (d) Were you being teased by someone?.
Correct answer: (b) Were you teased by someone?
Explanation:
The original sentence, “Did someone tease you?”, is an interrogative sentence in the active voice and the simple past tense. The implied subject in the active voice is “someone” and the object is “you”.
To change a simple past interrogative sentence from active to passive voice, use the following structure: Was/Were + Object (of the active sentence, now the subject) + Past Participle (V3) + by + Subject (of the active sentence, now the agent) + ?.
In this sentence:
o The object of the active sentence is “you”, which becomes the subject of the passive sentence.
o The auxiliary verb for “you” in the past tense is “were”.
o The past participle of “tease” is “teased”.
o “Someone” is the implied agent and is introduced by “by someone”.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “Were you teased by someone?”.
We have to leave the tap open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain. (a) The tap has to be left open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain. (b) The tap had to be left open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain. (c) The tap will be left open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain. (d) The tap should be left open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain.
Correct answer: (a) The tap has to be left open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain.
Here’s an explanation:
The original sentence, “We have to leave the tap open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain,” uses the active voice and “have to” to show necessity.
When converting an active sentence with “have to” to passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. The structure changes to: Object + has/have to + be + Past Participle (V3) + (by + Subject – optional) + (remaining part of the sentence).
In this sentence:
o “The tap” is the object in the active voice and becomes the subject in the passive voice.
o Because “the tap” is singular, “has to” is used.
o “Be” is inserted after “has to”.
o “Left” is the past participle (V3) of “leave”.
o The phrase “open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain” stays the same because it describes why the tap is left open.
o The original subject “We” is omitted as it is generally understood or less important than the action.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “The tap has to be left open for all the yellowish, stinking water to drain.”
Has someone made the complete shopping list? (a) Have the complete shopping list been made? (b) Has the complete shopping list being made? (c) Had the complete shopping list been made? (d) Has the complete shopping list been made?.
Correct answer: (d) Has the complete shopping list been made?
Explanation:
The original sentence, “Has someone made the complete shopping list?”, is an interrogative sentence (a question) in the Present Perfect Tense and Active Voice. The structure is Has/Have + Subject + Past Participle (V3) + Object + ?.
To convert a Present Perfect active voice question into the passive voice, the structure changes to: Has/Have + Object (of active sentence, now the subject) + been + Past Participle (V3) + by + Subject (of active sentence, now the agent) + ?.
In this sentence:
o “The complete shopping list” is the object in the active voice, which becomes the subject in the passive voice. Since it is singular, “Has” is the correct auxiliary verb to start the question.
o “Been” is added after the new subject.
o The main verb is “made”, and its past participle (V3) is also “made”.
o “Someone” is the original subject and is typically omitted in the passive voice when it’s a general or indefinite pronoun.
Therefore, the correct passive voice sentence is “Has the complete shopping list been made?”.
